Matthew Desmond has a very odd op-ed in the New York Times today. His topic is the lack of improvement in poverty despite 50 years of effort:
What accounts for this lack of progress? It cannot be chalked up to how the poor are counted: Different measures spit out the same embarrassing result. When the government began reporting the Supplemental Poverty Measure in 2011, designed to overcome many of the flaws of the Official Poverty Measure, including not accounting for regional differences in costs of living and government benefits, the United States officially gained three million more poor people.
....A fair amount of government aid earmarked for the poor never reaches them. But this does not fully solve the puzzle of why poverty has been so stubbornly persistent, because many of the country’s largest social-welfare programs distribute funds directly to people. Roughly 85 percent of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program budget is dedicated to funding food stamps themselves, and almost 93 percent of Medicaid dollars flow directly to beneficiaries.
Desmond is perplexed that social welfare programs distribute money to the poor but somehow poverty doesn't go down. And that is indeed perplexing.
Or it would be, anyway, if Desmond were using a measure of poverty that accounts for social welfare programs. But he's not. Here's what happens when you do that:
This comes from Columbia University's Center on Poverty and Social Policy, which calculates historical poverty using several different measures. This one is the Supplemental Poverty Measure Desmond mentions, but counting social welfare benefits and then adjusting for inflation. When you do that, you find that poverty has dropped from 19% at the start of the Reagan era to 8% today. Child poverty has dropped even more dramatically.
One of the things that's baffled me for a long time is why liberals are so resistant to the idea that social welfare benefits have helped people. We're the ones who fight for them! Shouldn't we be thrilled to see evidence that they've lifted millions of families out of poverty?
Instead I mostly see complaints about how our "tattered" safety net and our "fragile" benefit structure are being constantly slashed by Republicans. But this isn't true. Our safety net has been steadily improving for many decades, and Republicans—to their chagrin—are routinely unable to shred it the way they'd like to. Partly this is because Democrats fight them and partly it's because aid to the poor is surprisingly popular.
I have issues with the way we handle poverty, though they revolve as much around the complexity and randomness of our programs as they do around the amount we spend. Regardless, there's not much question that programs to help the poor have been one of the great triumphs of the progressive movement over the past half century. Why are we so reluctant to brag about it?